Which type of training emphasizes bodyweight exercises without additional weights?

The correct answer is calisthenics because this form of training specifically focuses on utilizing one's own body weight for resistance. Exercises such as push-ups, pull-ups, squats, and lunges are all examples of calisthenics, emphasizing strength, flexibility, and endurance without the need for external weights or equipment.

This approach allows individuals to develop functional strength and can be highly effective for various fitness levels, as the difficulty can be adjusted through variations of the exercises. In contrast, resistance training typically involves external weights, fitness machines, or resistance bands to enhance muscular strength. Plyometric training incorporates explosive movements and is often done with weights or equipment to improve speed and agility. Aerobic training primarily focuses on cardiovascular endurance and may include activities like running or cycling, which are not centered on bodyweight exercises.